Windows Default Key Generation Algorithm Calg Md5

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The following table lists the algorithms supported by the Microsoft Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Cryptographic Provider.

Algorithm IDDescriptionComments
CALG_3DESTriple DES.Key length: 168 bits. Default mode: Cipher block chaining.
Block size: 64 bits.
No salt allowed.
CALG_3DES_112Two-key triple DES encryption.Key length: 112 bits. Default mode: Cipher block chaining.
Block size: 64 bits.
No salt allowed.
CALG_AES_128AES block encryption algorithm.Key length: 128 bits.
CALG_AES_192AES block encryption algorithm.Key length: 192 bits.
CALG_AES_256AES block encryption algorithm.Key length: 256 bits.
CALG_DESDES encryption.Key length: 56 bits. Default mode: Cipher block chaining.
Block size: 64 bits.
No salt allowed.
CALG_HMACMAC keyed-hash algorithm.HMAC computation.
CALG_MACMessage Authentication Code (MAC) keyed hash algorithm.Block cipher MAC.
CALG_MD2MD2 hashing algorithm.For more information, see MD2 algorithm.
CALG_MD5MD5 hashing algorithm.For more information, see MD5 algorithm.
CALG_RC2RC2 block encryption algorithm.Key length: 128 bits. Default mode: Cipher block chaining.
Block size: 64 bits.
Salt length: Can be set.
CALG_RC4RC4 stream encryption algorithm.Key length: 128 bits. Salt length: Can be set.
CALG_RSA_KEYXRSA public key exchange algorithm.Key length: Can be set, 384 bits to 16,384 bits in 8-bit increments. Default key length: 1,024 bits.
CALG_RSA_SIGNRSA public key signature algorithm.Key length: Can be set, 384 bits to 16,384 bits in 8-bit increments. Default key length: 1,024 bits.
Signature conforms to PKCS #6.
CALG_SHASHA hashing algorithm.For more information, see Secure Hash Algorithm.
CALG_SHA1Same as CALG_SHA.For more information, see Secure Hash Algorithm.
CALG_SHA_256SHA hashing algorithm.Key length: 256 bits.Windows XP: This algorithm is not supported.
CALG_SHA_384SHA hashing algorithm.Key length: 384 bits.Windows XP: This algorithm is not supported.
CALG_SHA_512SHA hashing algorithm.Key length: 512 bits.Windows XP: This algorithm is not supported.
CALG_SSL3_SHAMD5SSL3 client authentication algorithm.For more information, see Creating a CALG_SSL3_SHAMD5 Hash.

A cryptosystem should be secure even if everything about the system, except the key, is public knowledge. This is a great asumption and it is used in the xkcd comic. Even if you know everything about how I generate passwords (including the list of words I use) there are still 2^44 possible passwords. The following example creates and hashes a session key that can be used to encrypt a message, text, or file. This example also shows using the following CryptoAPI functions: CryptAcquireContext to acquire a cryptographic service provider. CryptCreateHash to create an empty hash object. CryptGenKey to create a random session key.

Password Encryption

Strong password encryptionprovides an early barrier against attack. Solaris software provides four passwordencryption algorithms. The two MD5 algorithmsand the Blowfish algorithm providemore robust password encryption than the UNIX algorithm.

Algorithm Man Page. The MD5 algorithm that is compatible with MD5 algorithms on BSD and Linux systems. Cryptbsdmd5(5) 2a. The Blowfish algorithm that is compatible with the Blowfish algorithm on BSD systems. Cryptbsdbf(5) md5. The Sun MD5 algorithm, which is considered stronger than the BSD and Linux version of MD5. Cryptsunmd5(5) 5. The SHA256 algorithm.

Password Algorithm Identifiers

You specify the algorithms configuration for your site in the /etc/security/policy.conf file. In the policy.conf file,the algorithms are named by their identifier, as shown in the following table.

Table 2–1 Password Encryption Algorithms

Identifier

Description

Algorithm Man Page

1

The MD5 algorithm that is compatible with MD5 algorithms on BSDand Linux systems.

2a

The Blowfish algorithm that is compatible with the Blowfish algorithmon BSD systems.

md5

The Sun MD5 algorithm, which is considered stronger than the BSDand Linux version of MD5.

5

The SHA256 algorithm. SHA stands for Secure Hash Algorithm. Thisalgorithm is a member of the SHA-2 family. SHA256 supports 255-character passwords.

6

The SHA512 algorithm. Command to generate ssh key on mac.

__unix__

The traditional UNIX encryption algorithm. Thisalgorithm is the default module in the policy.conf file.

Algorithms Configuration in the policy.conf File

The following shows the default algorithms configuration in the policy.conf file:


When you change the value for CRYPT_DEFAULT, the passwords of new users are encrypted with the algorithm thatis associated with the new value. When current users change their passwords,how their old password was encrypted affects which algorithm is used to encryptthe new password.

For example, assume that CRYPT_ALGORITHMS_ALLOW=1,2a,md5,5,6 and CRYPT_DEFAULT=1. The following table shows which algorithm wouldbe used to generate the encrypted password.

Windows Default Key Generation Algorithm Calg Md5 Error

Identifier = Password Algorithm

Explanation

Initial Password

Changed Password

1 = crypt_bsdmd5

Uses same algorithm /cisco-crypto-key-generate-rsa-command.html.

The 1 identifier is also the value of CRYPT_DEFAULT. The user's password continues to be encrypted with the crypt_bsdmd5 algorithm.

2a = crypt_bsdbf

Uses same algorithm

The 2a identifier is in the CRYPT_ALGORITHMS_ALLOW list. Therefore, the new password is encrypted with the crypt_bsbdf algorithm.

md5 = crypt_md5

Uses same algorithm

The md5 identifier is in the CRYPT_ALGORITHMS_ALLOW list. Therefore, the new password is encrypted with the crypt_md5 algorithm.

5 = crypt_sha256

Uses same algorithm

The 5 identifier is in the CRYPT_ALGORITHMS_ALLOW list. Therefore, the new password is encrypted with the crypt_sha256 algorithm.

6 = crypt_sha512

Uses same algorithm

The 6 identifier is in the CRYPT_ALGORITHMS_ALLOW list. Therefore, the new password is encrypted with the crypt_sha512 algorithm.

__unix__ = crypt_unix

Uses crypt_bsdmd5 algorithm

The __unix__ identifier is not in the CRYPT_ALGORITHMS_ALLOW list. Therefore, the crypt_unix algorithm cannotbe used. The new password is encrypted with the CRYPT_DEFAULT algorithm.

Windows Default Key Generation Algorithm Calg Md5 File

For more information on configuring the algorithm choices, see the policy.conf(4) man page.To specify password encryption algorithms, see Changing the Password Algorithm (Task Map).